Validity of backs tool in assessing low back pain among Nurses in Malaysia
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Abstract
“Back Apparatus: Collaboration between UKMMC with SOCSO” (BACKS) Tool is a Malay-language questionnaire that was
developed to assess work-related chronic low back pain (LBP) in Malaysia. This study provided internal structure evidence of
construct validity of BACKS Tool among nurses in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study involving 1290 nurses in six public hospitals
in Penang, Malaysia was conducted. Job demands sub-scale consists of two factors namely Physical Demand (5 items) and
Psychological Demand (9 items). The data was analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The analysis showed two- and
one-factor models fit the data equally good (CFI and TLI>0.9, RMSEA<0.08, SRMR<0.08) with good composite reliability.
However, the two-factor model showed poor discrimination between the Physical Demand and Psychological Demand factors
(r=0.944). Although the discrimination could be justified based on the content of the items, it is recommended to consider
combining the factors into a single factor in future studies.
Keywords: BACKS Tool; confirmatory factor analysis; internal structure; public hospital nurses; validity.
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